AA7075高强铝合金热冲压流变行为本构模型对比研究

在热冲压过程中,AA7075高强铝合金板料经充分固溶后移入室温模具进行冲压成形并淬火。为表征AA7075铝合金在热冲压工艺中的变形行为,在温度200~480℃、应变速率0.01~10s-1范围内进行了高温拉伸试验。基于Arrhenius类型本构模型、Johnson-Cook模型以及Zerilli-Armstrong模型提出了多种修正本构模型,并应用实验所获流变曲线进行了拟合。提出的修正模型通过将模型参数表示为应变、应变速率及温度相关的多项式函数耦合了应变、应变速率及温度对流变应力的影响,并通过均方误差(MSE)以及相关系数R值对模型流变应力预测准确性进行了评价。结果表明,修正的Johnson-Cook模型能够更加准确的预测AA7075高温流变行为。     

Effects of cross rolling on texture,mechanical properties and anisotropy of pure Mo plates

To clarify the influence of the deformation texture on the mechanical properties, pure Mo plates were processed by various cross rolling procedures, and the relation among texture, microstructure and mechanical properties was discussed. The results show that cross rolling of the Mo plates is beneficial for the formation of the rotated cube component, i.e., {001}〈110〉. The corresponding orientation density exhibits a positive correlation with the total rolling deformation and the current-pass deformation. When the total deformation is 96% or greater, the Mo plates form a texture orientation dominated by {001}〈110〉, whereas the γ-fibre texture becomes weaker and the cube texture {100}〈100〉 disappears completely. The presence of {001}〈110〉 has great effects on the properties of cross-rolled Mo plates, which is beneficial for strength enhancement and plasticity reduction in both the rolling direction (RD) and the transverse direction (TD).     

Strategy to design high performance TiB2-based materials: Strengthen grain boundaries by solid solute segregation

TiB₂ exhibits a unique combination of excellent properties that make it promising candidate for applications in extreme environments, where retention of strength at high temperatures is essential. Tailoring grain boundary properties by segregation is believed a prominent way to design high-temperature performance of ceramics. In this work, segregation tendencies of solute elements, including Sc, Y, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W, in TiB₂ grain boundaries and the strengthening/weakening effects induced by segregations are investigated by first-principles calculations. The results reveal that small atoms tend to segregate to grain boundary sites with local compression strains, while large atoms prefer grain boundary sites with local expansion strains. Deteriorated grain boundary strength is usually caused by additional expansion strain induced by segregation, while improved grain boundary strength results from either enhanced local bonding induced by segregation of small atoms or increased fracture strain due to segregation of large atoms. Cr and V, especially Cr, exhibit strong segregation tendency and improvement on grain boundary strength, which provides useful guidelines for the design of high performance TiB₂-based materials.     

吴庄铁矿盘区间柱回采优化研究

基于吴庄铁矿盘间柱宽度不确定性、两侧均为充填体且高度大的现状，为安全高效回采盘区间柱，制定了盘区间柱两侧采场充填体取芯设计方案，并对充填体进行制样，进行了实验室试块抗压强度试验。试验结果表明：一步骤采场（矿柱）充填体强度整体符合设计强度要求，二步采场充填体强度整体偏低，盘区间柱宽度较设计变化较大，宽度极其不规整，整体呈上窄下宽的规律。鉴于盘区间柱宽度不规则、二步骤采场充填体强度低于预期、采场高度大和盘区间柱回采时不能大面积暴露的特点，采用留设一定厚度间柱和采用较小采场长度的措施进行回采方案制定，制定了小采场分段空场嗣后充填法回采方案。该方案的制定和实施，对于其他类似地下矿山三步骤间柱回采工程具有借鉴意义。     

利用表面硬度值间接获取镐形截齿钎焊层力学性能的方法研究

利用维氏硬度实验和数值模拟相结合的方法,间接得出了截齿表面各区域材料所对应的屈服强度值,建立了一种由实验硬度值HV获取截齿焊接接头等不易测量区域力学性能参数的方法。     

Transient liquid phase diffusion process for porous mullite ceramics with excellent mechanical properties

Porous mullite ceramics were fabricated by the transient liquid phase diffusion process, using quartz and fly-ash floating bead (FABA) particles and corundum fines as starting materials. The effects of sintering temperatures on the evolution of phase composition and microstructure, linear shrinkage, porosity and compressive strength of ceramics were investigated. It is found that a large amount of quartz and FABA particles can be transformed into SiO₂-rich liquid phase during the sintering process, and the liquid phase is transient in the Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system, which can accelerate the mullitization rate and promote the growth of mullite grains. A large number of closed pores in the mullite ceramics are formed due to the transient liquid phase diffusion at elevated temperatures. The porous mullite ceramics with high closed porosity (about 30%) and excellent compressive strength (maximum 105?MPa) have been obtained after fried at 1700?°C.     

Liquid phase sintering and characterization of SiC ceramics

The present study focuses on the sintering of silicon carbide-based ceramics (SiC) by liquid phase sintering (LPS) followed by characterization of the produced ceramics. AlN/Re₂O₃ mixtures were used as additives in the LPS process. In the first step, the LPS-SiC materials were produced in a graphite resistance furnace in the form of discs at different temperatures. The conditions with the best results regarding real density and relative density were taken as reference for sintering in the form of prismatic bars. In the second step, these samples were evaluated regarding fracture toughness (K_IC), by the Single Edge V Notch Beam – SEVNB – method, and flexural strength. K_IC behavior was evaluated according to the depth and curvature radius of the notches. Reliable K_IC values were presented when the ceramic displayed a small curvature radius at the notch tip. When the radius was large, it did not maintain the square root singularity of the notch tip. Tests were carried out to determine K_IC values in atmospheric air and water. K_IC results were lower in water than air, with a decrease ranging between 2.56% and 11.26%. The observations indicated a direct grain size correlation between K_IC values and fracture strength of the SiC ceramics.     

Strength of pure alumina ceramics above 1 GPa

Up to now, commercially available alumina ceramics were claimed to have strength between 400 and 550 MPa. However, our study shows strength ~ 2 times higher for commercially available alumina than commonly believed. The average and characteristic strength, measured on 31 pure alumina ceramic discs by ball on three balls (B3B) test, were 1205 ± 93 MPa and 1257 MPa, respectively, with a Weibull modulus of m = 11.8. Tested specimens were in form of discs with a diameter of 5 mm and thickness 0.5 mm. The grain size distribution of the alumina is bimodal with an average grain size of ~ 850 nm measured at the surface. The fracture reveals a mixed transgranular / intergranular failure mode. To avoid incorporation of additional flaws, the discs were tested as sintered. The characteristic flexural strength measured in B3B was recalculated according to Weibull theory for standard 4-point bending bars of size 3 × 4 × 45 mm as bend 856 MPa. The measured strength of nearly 900 MPa shows the potential of strength for high purity alumina ceramics.     

Preparation and corrosion resistance of cordierite–spodumene composite ceramics using zircon as a modifying agent

To prolong the service life of cordierite–spodumene composite ceramics applied to the solar heat transmission pipeline, the zircon modifier was introduced to improve the corrosion resistance of the ceramics. The effects of zircon on the density, bending strength, crystalline phase, microstructure and chemical stability were studied. The results showed that the sintering temperature range of the composite ceramics was broadened to 40–60?°C with the introduction of 5–15?wt% zircon. Moreover, the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the ceramic materials were improved with the zircon introduction. In particular, sample C3 containing 15?wt% of zircon and sintered at 1360?°C exhibited the best performance, which had the 0.03% Wa, 0.07% Pa, 2.34?g?cm^?3 Db and 100.17?MPa bending strength. After acid and alkali corrosion, the water absorption was still less than 0.5% and the strength loss rate decreased to less than 5.3%. The XRD and SEM analyses demonstrated that the ZrSiO₄ grains dispersed at the grain boundaries could enhance the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the existence of the Zr⁴⁺ ions not only reduced the cationic solubility of the glassy phases but also led to a reaction with OH^? to form Zr(OH)₄ on the surfaces. This improved the corrosion resistance of the composite ceramics and endowed it with a high residual strength after the acid and alkali corrosion.